Triflusal is a prodrug used as a platelet antiaggregant agent (a platelet aggregation inhibitor). It has efficacy similar to that of aspirin specially in patients with cerebral and myocardial infraction. Chemically, triflusal is nothing except a derivative of acetylsalicylic acid (2-acetyl-3-trifluoromethylsalicylic acid). It is bio-transformed under the effect of a deacetylation process into the active metabolite (known as HTB) which is 2-hydroxyl-3-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid. During the triflusal uses the cutaneous phototoxic/photoallergic side effect is noted including rash, itching or allergic reactions. In order to study this side effect, we use a very excellent tool to study such reactions which is DFT and TD-DFT. The active metabolite of triflusal HTB molecular orbitals and UV-VIS spectroscopic features have been investigated herein. The obtained results show that there is a difference in the molecular orbitals (MOs) pattern between the two forms of HTB (protonated and deprotonated) especially the HOMOs of the deprotonated species..

Large outbreaks of skin lesions in cattle have been observed recently throughout the governorate. The LSDV was

shown to be the causative factor. The local strain of LSDV was sequenced and deposited into GenBank, where it

was assigned the accession number MK552139 and designated as LSDV/Egy-BSU/2018. The discovered strain

resources were connected and to other LSDVs, however the phylogenetic tree clustered viruses of sheep pox, goat

pox, and LSD viruses independently.

Several methods are used as tools for family planning and to avoid unintended pregnancies. It is important for healthcare providers to consider various factors when discussing contraceptive options with patients. This study explored the most commonly preferred methods pf contraception by Libyan women. Age of the women and number of children as well as women’ education were the most significant factors that influence selection of the contraception method. Results of the current study emphasized the need for more family education programs that provide more details about new methods of contraception as Libyan women seems to use more traditional methods of contraception.

Trichomonas vaginalis is identified as greatest public sexually transmitted disease

Coronary heart disease (CHD) remains the leading cause of death in DM2. The purpose of this study is to determine the usefulness and effectiveness of exercise electrocardiography (Ex-ECG) and standard two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) among type 2 diabetic (DM2) and nondiabetic (NDM) of both genders in the diagnosis of CHD accompanied with biochemical risk factors for CHD A total of 102 age-matched DM2 and non-diabetic individuals in both genders were recruited in the current study. All cases were assessed for CHD diagnosis using the guidelines of the Bengali version of the Rose Angina Questionnaire. All groups were examined clinically by cardiologists and applying Ex-ECG and 2DE accompanied by biochemical parameters analysis of all participants in Ematiga's laboratory. All diabetic and non-diabetic subjects are age-matched. The diabetic women were obese with a BMI of (>30 kg/m2 ). The duration of diabetes in females was (10.2±1.02 yrs) and in males was (9.7±0.8 yrs). There was a positive relationship between the duration of diabetes and HbA1c level. Some evidence presented in this study revealed that the percentage of LVEF is negatively correlated with the duration of diabetes mellitus. In addition, there is statistical significance in ST-depression between both genders in (ND) and (D) groups. The relationship between STdepression expressed as mV detected by Ex-ECG and duration of diabetes in females and males. In conclusion, both Ex-ECG, and 2DE testing are non-invasive, easy to perform, and accessible in rural hospitals and clinics. It can be beneficial in diagnosing, risk stratifying or assessing patients with CHD provided appropriate patient selection is used to enhance its sensitivity and specificity, especially in presence of biochemical risk factors for coronary heart disease explained in this study helped identify or exclude the early diagnosis of CHD.

ABSTRACT Coronary artery disease (CAD) is quite common among diabetics in all age groups and its risk is independently affiliated with Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (LP-PLA2). There is strong evidence that the elevated plasma level of Lp-PLA2 indicates vascular inflammation associated with plaque formation within the arteries. Therefore, the relationship between the plasma Lp-PLA2 level and coronary

artery disease risk factors between non-diabetic and diabetic patients will be studied. Materials and Methods: A total of 181 individuals were recruited from the National Heart Centre Tajoura and divided into 4 groups (40 healthy controls (HC), 43 non-diabetics (NDM) who had CAD, 54 DM2 without CAD, and 44 DM2 who had CAD). The relationship between Lp-PLA2 and the potential biochemical risk markers for CAD will be studied between the groups. Results: All the groups that participated in this study have similar body mass index. There is statistical significance in the level of plasma level Lp-PLA2 between DM2 with CAD, DM2 without CAD and HC with ( ***P<0.0001, **P<0.006), respectively; and likewise between NDM with CAD and HC with *P<0.05. Although there is a significant difference between the plasma levels of Lp-PLA2 between the groups below the age of 60 years, there is no statistical significance between the groups above the age of 60 years. Correspondingly, there is a statistical difference in the plasma level of Lp-PLA2 between healthy controls and both DM2 without CAD and DM2 with CAD with (**P<0.006, and ***P<0.0001), respectively. Once more, there is statistical significance in the plasma level of Lp-PLA2 between NDM with CAD and healthy controls with *P<0.05. Furthermore, there is a statistical difference in the serum level of CRP between DM2 with CAD and HC. In addition, there is a positive relationship exists between the duration of diabetes mellitus without CAD and the level of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) with **P <0.003 in both genders. Conclusion: In this study, the high level of Lp-PLA2 and CRP strongly indicate the presence of vascular inflammation associated with the formation of arterial atherosclerosis with thrombus formation. These findings are also correlated with diabetic duration and they could be used in the diagnosis and prognosis of coronary artery disease. 

The identification and classification of reservoir hosts of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis are very crucial towards the integrated management and control planning. Molecular techniques have been deployed and showed very sensitive and specific results to identify and differentiate rodents with great similarity in phenotypes including Meriones spp. Meriones species are very difficult to distinguish and separate according to their morphology and phenotype traits. This study was carried out in western region of Libya and three Meriones rodents were collected and their genetic identification was conducted by PCR technique using designed forward and reverse primers from Meriones spp. cytochrome b (cytb) gene sequence. This study has differentiated three haplotypes of M. shawi. with sequences similarities between samples of haplotypes were 99.13%, 99.42% and 99.71% between H1 and H2, between H1 and H3 and between H2 and H3 respectively. The current work is the first to use molecular techniques to study the genetic sequence of Meriones in Libya and has illustrated that PCR technique is powerful tool to discriminate Meriones species 

2017 and 2018 at Beni-Suef governorate. Samples from diseased cattle, previously SPPV vaccinated with SPPV, were inoculated in embryonated chicken eggs (ECE) using chorio-allantoic membrane (CAM) route. Histopathological examination of the inoculated CAMs showed large eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies characteristic for LSDV. Characteristic pock lesions were observed after the 1st passage and become clear after the third passage and become clearly observed 4 days post inoculation. For molecular identification, DNA was extracted from a pool of the infected CAMs. Two pairs of primers specific for LSDV including one flanking a 554 bp product of the G gene and second flanking 172 of the RP030 gene were used. In conclusion, LSDV infections have been detected and the virus has been isolated and identified by PCR from cattle previously vaccinated with SPPV vaccine during the summer of 2018

virulence. Larval mortality was dose dependent for all EPN species. When using a dose of 100 infective juveniles (IJs) per larva, H. bacteriophora and S. carpocapsae caused 90%-100% mortality, whereas H. downesi and S. feltiae caused only 40%-60% mortality. Even when using 200 IJs/larva, H. megidis and S. kraussei caused a maximum of 30%-40% mortality. Some of the invasive EPNs were melanized, suggesting a strong humoral defense response by the Aedes larvae. The degree of melanization was quite variable; some EPNs were totally enveloped in a melanin sheath while others were partially coated with melanin. Melanization did not stop the EPN from multiplying and killing the Aedes larvae. IJs released from infected larvae would have the potential to infect healthy mosquito larvae. Also, both bacterial supernatant and bacterial cell suspension of Xenorhabdus nematophila caused >91% larval mortality after 48 h, whereas only the bacterial cell suspension of Photorhabdus laumondii was effective against the mosquito larvae. These data provides useful information on the potential use of EPNs and/or formulated bacterial cell suspensions in the control of the important urban and container-breeding mosquito, Ae. aegypti, and are a starting point for future simulated and actual field studies.

Keywords

Entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) ingestion, Aedes aegypti, symbiotic bacteria, H. bacteriophora, S. carpocapsae

infected organs mainly liver and lungs and to some extent other organs including spleen, kidneys, heart, brain and bones of the animal carcasses. Prevention of cystic hydatid disease primarily focusing on veterinary investigations for controlling the extent and the intensity of echinococcosis in the definitive host populations, which indirectly may lead to control the prevalence of hydatid disease in the intermediate host animals. Treatment of cystic hydatidosis in livestock is still under investigation but anti-helminthes drugs can be used. Regular treatment, taking high degree of precautions when handling pets or dealing with animal meat must be taken into consideration to minimize the level of infection and egg excretion as well as the vaccination of ruminant intermediate hosts, are all in evaluation.